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Yunzhe Liu, PhD student at the Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging has been awarded the UCL Early Career Neuroscience Prize (junior category) to recognise his outstanding work published in the last year.

Their research on how mental processes relate to the human brain spans both health and disease and studies both children and adults.Progress in cognitive neuroscience research depends on the availability of specific tools and resources that allow researchers to provide converging evidence from different experimental techniques.At UCL, many powerful and novel techniques are used to study mental processes in the human brain behavioral experiments to study perception, thought and action; functional imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or magnetoencephalograhy (MEG) to study the brain mechanisms underlying higher cognitive processes; transcranial magnetic stimulation to probe the effects of transiently disrupting brain function; and neuropsychological methods to investigate how brain damage can impair cognitive function.Cognitive neuroscience research takes place in many locations and clinical settings around UCL but two particular foci of activity are the Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging and the UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, both in Queen Square.The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging is a large internationally recognized scientific centre of excellence for functional neuroimaging with three research-dedicated MRI scanners and an MEG suite used by researchers across UCL.The UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience is a thriving interdisciplinary research centre that brings together cognitive neuroscience researchers from many different backgrounds across UCL with a common interest in understanding human brain function.Computational neuroscience seeks to construct theories and quantitative models of how these computations take place.At UCL, there is a large and vibrant community of researchers involved in computational neuroscience.
Other approaches involve monitoring interactions between nerve cells with microelectrodes, optical or chemical probes, and modifying the way they communicate with each other using specific drugs.Although a great deal of this work is motivated by a desire to understand how the brain works, much of it is clinically relevant and may provide the basis for the development of drugs and other procedures to tackle such problems as pathological pains, hearing problems, developmental learning disorders, and the memory deficits of amnesics.

UCL Neuroscience is a research domain that encompasses the breadth of neuroscience research activity across University College London's (UCL) School of Life and Medical Sciences. UCL is a global leader in pioneering research into neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, motor neurone disease, stroke, neuromuscular diseases and epilepsy. This is undoubtedly a historic milestone in the 75 year history of clinical and research excellence of the Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and secures a very bright future.”Respect for the environment and local community are key principles underpinning the development. The new building will target BREEAM Excellent rating, aiming to reduce carbon emissions by 40% and produce low levels of waste going into landfill from the construction process.

If this fails to occur properly, the outcome can be devastating conditions such as spina bifida (a failure of the neural plate to close into a tube) and holoprosencephaly (a failure to properly separate the left and right sides of the brain).UCL researchers study both neurons and the surrounding glial cells by combining techniques from molecular and cell biology, electrophysiology, neurogenetics and imaging.Molecular neuroscience at UCL is housed mainly in the Medical Sciences building and in the new £9m Andrew Huxley building where internationally recognized research groups study how nerve cells send signals to one another.This includes, for example, how nerve cells are excited by cell surface receptors for glutamate and inhibited by receptors for GABA; how calcium channels control processes as diverse as muscle contraction and hormone secretion; and how numerous cell proteins interact to affect fast information processing in the brain and learning and memory.Across UCL, research groups study how receptors, ion channels and transporters are moved to the cell surface and how long they reside there (trafficking); how specific isoforms of receptors and channels are targeted to particular specializations on the cell surface, such as synapses (targeting); and how different pathways can affect their function (modulation).Addressing these questions is important not only for finding out how these proteins function in healthy nervous systems, but also for deciding what has gone wrong when there is faulty regulation.This can be caused by genetic mutations that affect the function, trafficking or synthesis of proteins, resulting in diseases such as epilepsy, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression and anxiety.Do babies feel pain?

How do we find our way home? Many internationally renowned investigators work across the whole spectrum of neural development at UCL, from the initial specification of neural tissue, to the formation and maintenance of functional neuronal circuits, to the development of higher mental function in children and adults.For example, one of the most poorly understood aspects of brain development is morphogenesis, the process by which the developing nervous system takes shape.Research progress depends upon the availability of tools and resources that allow experiments to be performed.At UCL, there are many novel and powerful techniques being used to study the developing brain. Systems neuroscientists at UCL try to answer these and similar questions. The domain was established in January 2008, to coordinate neuroscience activity across the many UCL departments and institutes in which neuroscience research takes place. The focus on shared facilities will also encourage efficiency and sustainability. The plans will transform the site at 256 Gray’s Inn Road, London, bringing together research scientists, clinicians and patients to create a world-leading hub for dementia and neurological disease research. They study the responses of nerve cells in different parts of the brain to pictures, tones, touches and smells. The new facility will create a collaborative, interdisciplinary environment to translate UCL’s research power into developing treatments for these conditions.

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